
parameters change in one system, then all other parameters in a mutual bond change
adequately, see the mutual interconnection in Fig. 9.2.
Fig. 9.2: Mutual interconnection of the whole-body patient simulator’s parts
Respiratorysystem
The respiratory system model can be divided into two parts. The upper respiratory
tract includes the nasal cavity, the nasopharynx, the pharynx and a part of larynx. The lower
respiratory tract is represented by the trachea, the bronchi and the lungs.
Upper respiratory tract
The upper respiratory tract of the ECS simulator realistically copies its real anatomical
structure. It is possible to carry out an orotracheal intubation, which means inserting a tracheal
tube into the patient’s trachea via the mouth, as well as a nasotracheal intubation, when the
tube is inserted via the nose. Several complications may occur during intubation, and they can
realistically occur in this simulator as well:
• Inserting the tracheal tube too deep into one of the two bronchi. In this case, only
one lung gets ventilated. It will be apparent on the figurine that only one side of the
chest is moving.
• Inserting the tracheal tube into the gullet - in this case stomach distension can be
observed.
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Cardiovascular
Respiratory
Pharmacological
Operator’s
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Operator’s
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